Kuna son kiyaye kwari daga cikin greenhouse? Idan haka ne, to, kuna buƙatar saƙon kwari masu inganci. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu rufe komai daga nau'ikan netting daban-daban da ake samu a kasuwa a yau zuwa yadda ake shigar da shi yadda yakamata a cikin greenhouse.
Gabatarwa
Kuna da matsala tare da kwari a cikin greenhouse? Idan haka ne, to kuna buƙatar saka hannun jari a cikin wasu ƙwararrun ƙwari masu inganci. Tarin kwari shine shingen jiki wanda zai kiyaye kwari kowane nau'i da girma, gami da aphids, whiteflies, da thrips. Yana da cikakkiyar dole ga kowane mai shuka greenhouse mai tsanani.
A cikin wannan labarin, za mu ba ku kwas ɗin karo a cikin ragar kwari ko gidan caca. Za mu rufe komai daga nau'ikan netting daban-daban da ake samu a kasuwa zuwa yadda ake shigar da shi yadda ya kamata a cikin greenhouse.
A lokacin da ka gama karantawa, za ku zama ƙwararre kan duk abubuwan da ke cikin gidan yanar gizo.
Menene Insect Netting?
Tsabar kwari,wanda kuma aka sani da gidan kare kwari ko ragar kwari, wani nau'in shingen haske ne na zahiri wanda ake amfani dashi don kiyaye kwari. An yi shi daga abubuwa daban-daban, ciki har da polyethylene, polyester, polyethylene, da nailan. Daga cikin waɗannan, polyethylene sun fi kowa.
Ana samun tarun kwari da tarun lambu a cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan raga daban-daban, daga kanana (1mm) zuwa babba (5mm) kuma dukkansu suna da kyaun gefuna.
Lambun gidan yanar gizo hanya ce mai matukar tasiri don kiyaye kwari daga cikin greenhouse. Hakanan yana da arha da sauƙin shigarwa fiye da sauran hanyoyin magance kwari, kamar magungunan kashe kwari.
me yasa kuke buƙatar shi a cikin greenhouse?
Wasu manoma suna tambaya,
“Me yasa nake buƙatar waɗannan gidajen sauro? Ina da maganin kwari kuma shine kawai nake bukata?
Magungunan kwari suna kashe kwari, amma ba sa hana su dawowa. A haƙiƙa, za su iya sa matsalar ta fi muni ta hanyar kashe ƙwari na dabi'a kamar su ladybugs da addu'a. Magani ne na ɗan gajeren lokaci wanda zai iya haifar da matsaloli na dogon lokaci.
Akasin haka, tarun kwarin suna maganin matsalolin kwari na dogon lokaci domin suna hana kwari isa wurin abincinsu tun farko. Suna ba da kariya iri ɗaya kamar laima: ta hanyar ba da kariya a kan amfanin gonakinku, suna kare su daga jika ko lalacewa ta hanyar gusts-kuma suna hana kwari!
Tarun kwari suna da fa'idodi da yawa waɗanda magungunan kwari ba za su iya maye gurbinsu ba.
Ingantattun shingen shinge
Idan kuna da matsala tare da kwari a cikin gidan ku, to, gidan yanar gizon kare kwari ya zama dole. Yana da shingen jiki mai matukar tasiri wanda zai kiyaye kowane irin kwari don kare amfanin gonakin ku, gami da aphids, whiteflies, da thrips.
Gidan yanar gizo mai hana kwariHakanan yana da arha da sauƙin shigarwa fiye da sauran hanyoyin magance kwari, kamar magungunan kashe kwari.
Hana ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta
Ta hanyar hana kwari shiga cikin greenhouse, za mu iya hana yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta daga cutar da greenhouse. Wannan saboda yawancin kwari suna yada waɗannan matsalolin.
Tare da goyon bayan kimiyya, an nuna tarun kwari a matsayin wani nau'i mai mahimmanci na magance kwari a cikin greenhouses.
A wani bincike da Jami’ar California Davis ta gudanar.An nuna ragar kwarin don rage adadin fararen kwari da thrips da kashi 95%.
Rage maganin kwari da ake buƙata
Har ila yau binciken ya gano cewa tara kwari na iya rage yawan maganin kwari da ake bukata don shawo kan sauran kwari a cikin greenhouse.
Kuma magungunan kashe qwari ba wai kawai rage yawan amfanin gona ba, har ila yau yana da tasiri ga ingancin tsirrai.
Hakanan magungunan kashe kwari na iya yin illa ga mutane (masu shuka da masu cin irin waɗannan tsire-tsire). Kasashe da dama na da dokoki da suka takaita amfani da maganin kashe kwari a harkar noma.
Ƙara yawan amfanin shuka da inganci
Bincike mai tushe ya nuna cewa sakar da kwari zai iya ƙara yawan amfanin shuka da kashi 50%.
Sauran Fa'idodi
Baya ga haka, keɓan kwarin yana samar da shinge na zahiri daga iska da rana. Wannan na iya zama da amfani sosai ga matasa seedlings da kuma m shuke-shuke da suke yiwuwa ga lalacewa daga wadannan abubuwa.
Ta yaya netting kwari ke aiki?
Tsabar kwari yana aiki ta hanyar toshe kwari daga shiga cikin greenhouse.Ƙananan ramukan da ke cikin raga sun yi ƙanƙanta don yawancin kwari su matse su, don haka ana kiyaye su sosai.
Saboda amfani da fasalin shinge na jiki, ana kuma amfani da ragamar gadin kwari a wuraren da ba a yarda a yi amfani da magungunan kashe qwari ko kuma ba a so a yi amfani da su.
Fuskokin kwari suna sarrafa mamayewar kwari kuma a lokaci guda suna tabbatar da samun iska na yanayin cikin gida. Ta hanyar ba da kariya daga iska da inuwa, allon kwarin yana taimakawa wajen daidaita ƙananan mahalli a cikin aikin noma.
Taimakon da ba zai iya hana kwari ba, taimako ne a cikin ci gaban noma.
Yaya ake amfani da raga mai hana kwari?
Gidan yanar gizo yana da sauƙin amfani.Kawai sanya shi a kan greenhouse ko rufe gadaje masu tasowa kuma a ajiye shi a wuri tare da tef, ma'auni, ko ma'auni mai kariya daga kwari.Hakanan zaka iya sanya tarun kwarin kai tsaye akan murfin layinka ko ƙugiya. Tabbatar cewa gidan yanar gizon yana da kyau don kada kwari su matse ta kowane gibi.
Lokacin amfani da shi, muna buƙatar kuma tabbatar da cewa an rufe dukkan wuraren. Saboda kwarin yana da ƙanƙanta, ko da ƙaramin gibin zai iya barin su su shiga.
Don ƙarin aminci, zaku iya ƙara shinge mai hana kwari a kusa da ƙasa ko tushe na greenhouse.
Hakanan ya kamata ku duba kullun kwaro don ramuka ko hawaye kuma a gyara su nan da nan.
Yadda za a kiyaye masana'anta kwari daga yage?
Mafi yawan abin da ke haifar da tsagewar kwarin shine lalacewa ta jiki. Shi ya sa yana da mahimmanci a kula da ragar ragar da kuma guje wa abubuwa masu kaifi da za su iya huda shi.
Wata hanyar da za ta hana tarun kwari yage ita ce zaɓin samfur mai inganci. Tarun kwarin da aka yi daga abubuwa masu ɗorewa, kamar polyethylene, ba su da yuwuwar yage fiye da zaɓuɓɓuka masu rahusa.
Lokacin da ba kwa amfani da shi, adana ragamar kwarin a wuri mai sanyi, bushe. Kuma tabbatar da duba shi don ramuka da hawaye kafin kowane amfani.
Idan aka zo ragar kwari, akwai 'yan zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban don zaɓar daga. Nau'in gidan yanar gizon da kuke buƙata zai dogara ne akan takamaiman kwari da kuke ƙoƙarin kiyayewa da girman gidan ku.
Maganin rigakafin kwari da za mu iya samarwa ya haɗa da nau'ikan 5 kamar haka:
Samfurin No
Rana (cm)
Abu Na'a
Nauyi (gsm)
Girman raga (mm)
Kashi na Inuwa
Isar da iska
Resistance UV
Mafi dacewa don
5130-60
6/6
17 Tsaki
60
1.42×1.42
16-18%
75%
Shekaru 5
wasps, kwari da asu
5131-70
10/10
25 Tsaki
70
0.77×0.77
18-20%
60%
Shekaru 5
'ya'yan itace gardama
5131-80
12.5/12.5
32 Mashi
80
0.60×0.60
20-22%
45%
Shekaru 5
'ya'yan itace gardama, leaf ma'adinai
5132-110
16/10
40 Tsaki
110
0.77×0.40
20-23%
35%
Shekaru 5
whitefiles, thrips
5133-130
20/10
50 Tsaki
130
0.77×0.27
25-29%
20%
Shekaru 5
leaf, thrips, farar kwari, da masu hakar ganye
Yadda za a zabi?
Akwai samfura da yawa, ta yaya zan zaɓa? Shin akwai wani tushe don zaɓar?
Anan muna ba ku zaɓuɓɓuka guda 2 don zaɓar daga, don haka zaku iya zaɓar allon kwari gwargwadon halin ku.
1. Zaɓi ta nau'in kwari
Idan kana son kiyaye ƙananan kwari, kamar thrips da whiteflies, zaka iya amfani da ƙaramin girman raga. Don manyan kwari, kamar caterpillars da beetles, kuna buƙatar girman raga mai girma.
Misali, girman thrips gabaɗaya 2-3mm, kuma girman whitefly shine 3-4mm, don haka girman raga zai iya zama 1.8*1.8mm ko 2.0*2.0mm.
Amma ga caterpillars, na kowa ne 5-6mm, kuma manya na iya zama fiye da 10mm, don haka raga size iya zama 3.0 * 3.0mm ko 4.0 * 4.0mm.
Don ƙananan ƙwari, kamar tushen kuda, kuda na karas, da asu leek, ana buƙatar ƙarin ƙaramin allo na kwaro.
2. Zaɓi ta nau'in amfanin gonakin ku
Wani zaɓi shine zaɓi bisa ga shuka da kuke girma. Domin kowace shuka tana da kwari da take jawowa. Wato wasu kwari suna son shuka, wasu kuma ba sa son ta. Don haka kawai kai hari ga kwarin da ke ciyar da shukar ku.
Misali,
idan kana noman amfanin gona kamartumatir, za ku buƙacikiyaye caterpillars, thrips, da farin kwari. Idan kana girmakokwamba, za ku buƙacikiyaye kokwamba beetles, aphids, da whiteflies
Abubuwan lura lokacin zabar
Yanzu kun san yadda ake zabar gidan yanar gizon kwari, amma har yanzu akwai wasu abubuwan da za ku tuna lokacin yin zaɓinku. Ga 'yan abubuwan da ya kamata a yi la'akari:
- Theabuna raga mai hana kwari. Abubuwan da aka fi sani da su sune polyester, nailan, da polyethylene. Kowannensu yana da nasa amfani da rashin amfani.
- Thegirman ragana masana'anta kwari. Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, ya kamata a zaɓi girman raga bisa ga takamaiman kwari da kuke ƙoƙarin kiyayewa.
- Thefadi da tsayina allon kwari. Girman greenhouse ɗinku zai ƙayyade faɗi da tsayin gidan kwarin da kuke buƙata.
- Thefarashinna gidan yanar gizo. Za a iya samun ragamar murfin layin kwari don farashi mai yawa. Amma ku tuna, kuna samun abin da kuke biya. Zaɓuɓɓuka masu arha sun fi yuwuwa yaga kuma ana buƙatar maye gurbin su akai-akai.
Wadanne amfanin gona ne ke buƙatar tarun kwari?
Ana amfani da ragar kwaro don kiyaye ƙwari iri-iri, gami da caterpillars, beetles, whiteflies, thrips, da aphids. Ana iya amfani da tarun kwari akan amfanin gona iri-iri, gami da tumatir, cucumbers, barkono, eggplants, da kabeji.
Hakanan akwai tsire-tsire masu fure da yawa waɗanda ake shuka su a cikin gidan yanar gizon kwari, kamar wardi, chrysanthemums, lili, da sauransu.
Sauran tsire-tsire waɗanda za a iya kiyaye su ta hanyar tarun kwari sun haɗa da:
-Kayan lambu, irin su broccoli, Kale, da alayyafo.
-Ganye, irin su Basil, oregano, da thyme.
Inda zan sayi tarun kwari?
Kuna iya siyan satar kwarin akan layi ko a kantin kayan lambu na gida. Ana sayar da ragar kwari ta hanyar kafa mai layi, don haka kuna buƙatar sanin girman gidan ku kafin yin siye.
Lokacin siyan ragar kwari, tabbatar da kwatanta farashi da inganci. Zaɓuɓɓuka masu arha sun fi yuwuwa yaga kuma ana buƙatar maye gurbin su akai-akai. Ana iya samun ragar kwaro don farashi mai yawa, don haka tabbatar da siyayya don nemo mafi kyawun ciniki.
FAQ:
Menene mafi kyau ga gidan yanar gizon kwari?
Mafi kyawun gidan yanar gizon kwari shine wanda ya dace da takamaiman bukatunku. Yi la'akari da nau'in kwari da kuke ƙoƙarin kiyayewa, girman gidan ku, da kasafin kuɗin ku lokacin yin zaɓinku.
Shin gidan yanar gizo yana aiki?
Ee.
Tarin kwarin hanya ce mai inganci don kiyaye manyan kwari iri-iri, gami da caterpillars, beetles, whiteflies, thrips, da aphids.
Har yaushe ne sarar kwari ke daɗe?
Fiye da shekaru 5.
Tsawon rayuwar kwari ya dogara da ingancin kayan. Zaɓuɓɓuka masu arha sun fi yuwuwa yaga kuma ba za su daɗe ba.
Shin yana da kyau a zaɓi ƙaramin raga don kariya daga kwari?
A'a.
Ba al'amarin ba ne cewa mai yawa raga ya fi kyau. Wannan saboda idan ka zaɓi ragar da ya yi ƙanƙanta sosai zai iya yin tasiri ga samun iska a cikin ragar kuma yana da illa ga tsire-tsire.
Kammalawa
Tarin kwarin dole ne ga kowane mai lambu ko manomi. Hanya ce mai inganci don kiyaye kwari da yawa, kuma ana iya amfani da ita akan amfanin gona iri-iri. Ana sayar da ragar kwaro ta hanyar kafa mai layi, don haka tabbatar da auna greenhouse kafin yin siye.